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资源潜力 3

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URANS simulation of the turbulent flow in tight lattice bundle

Yiqi YU, Yanhua YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 404-411 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0165-7

摘要： The flow structure in tight lattice is still of great interest to nuclear industry. An accurate prediction of flow parameter in subchannels of tight lattice is likable. Unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) is a promising approach to achieve this goal. The implementation of URANS approach will be validated by comparing computational results with the experimental data of Krauss. In this paper, the turbulent flow with different Reynolds number (5000–215000) and different pitch-to-diameter( / ) (1.005–1.2) are simulated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code CFX12. The effects of the Reynolds number and the bundle geometry ( / ) on wall shear stress, turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent mixing and large scale coherent structure in tight lattice are analyzed in details. It is hoped that the present work will contribute to the understanding of these important flow phenomena and facilitate the prediction and design of rod bundles.

关键词： tight rod bundle flow structure unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (URANS)

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Optimization of spatial structure designs of control rod using Monte Carlo code RMC

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 974-983 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0769-5

摘要： Control rod is the most important approach to control reactivity in reactors, which is currently a cluster of pins filled with boron carbide (B₄C). In this case, neutrons are captured in the outer region, and thus the inner absorber is inefficient. Moreover, the lifetime of the control rod is challenged due to the high reactivity worth loss resulted from the excessive degradation of B₄C in the high flux area. In this work, some control rod designs are proposed with optimized spatial structures including the spatially mixed rod, radially moderated rod, and composite control rod with small-sized pins. The control rod worth and effective absorption cross section of these designs are computed using the Monte Carlo code RMC. A long-time depletion calculation is conducted to evaluate their burnup stability. For the spatially mixed rod, rare-earth absorbers are combined with B₄C in spatial structure. Compared with the homogenous B₄C rod, mixed designs ensure more sufficient reactivity worth in the lifetime of the reactor. The minimum reactivity loss at the end of the cycle is only 1.8% from the dysprosium titanate rod, while the loss for pure B₄C rod is nearly 12%. For the radially moderated design, a doubled neutronic efficiency is achieved when the volume ratio of moderator equals approximately 0.3, while excessive moderating may lead to the failure of control rods. The control rod with small-sized pins processes an enhanced safety performance and saves the investment in absorbers. The rod worth can be further enhanced by introducing small moderator pins, and the reactivity loss caused by the reduction of absorbers is sustainable.

关键词： control rod optimized spatial structure neutronic performance burnup stability

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Control on self-assembly structures of rod-coil-rod (PANI)-(PEG)-(PANI) triblock copolymer

YANG Zhifang, WU Jingao, YANG Yingkui, ZHOU Xingping, XIE Xiaolin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 85-88 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0003-6

摘要： The self-assembly behaviors of the rod-coil-rod (PANI)-(PEG)-(PANI) triblock copolymer are investigated in different solvents, such as -methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl formamide (DMF), ethanol and water. The effects of solvents, concentration and ultrasonic irradiation on self-assembly are discussed. The results indicate that the triblock copolymer forms particles, rods, fiber, networks and fiber bands in the above solvents, respectively. Especially, the triblock copolymer can form a multi-layer, tri-dimensional fibrous network and a petaline structure from the mono-layer fibrous network with the increase of its concentration in ethanol. Also, the ultrasonic irradiation has a great effect on the self-assembly of the triblock copolymer.

关键词： different multi-layer mono-layer dimethyl formamide concentration

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seven cases of critical COVID-19 with early noninvasive–invasive sequential ventilation algorithm and bundle

Mian Peng, Xueyan Liu, Jinxiu Li, Di Ren, Yongfeng Liu, Xi Meng, Yansi Lyu, Ronglin Chen, Baojun Yu, Weixiong Zhong

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第5期页码 674-680 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0796-3

摘要： We report the clinical and laboratory findings and successful management of seven patients with critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). The patients were diagnosed based on epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, and nucleic acid testing. Upon diagnosis with COVID-19 of critical severity, the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, where they received early noninvasive–invasive sequential ventilation, early prone positioning, and bundle pharmacotherapy regimen, which consists of antiviral, anti-inflammation, immune-enhancing, and complication-prophylaxis medicines. The patients presented fever ( = 7, 100%), dry cough ( = 3, 42.9%), weakness ( = 2, 28.6%), chest tightness ( = 1, 14.3%), and/or muscle pain ( = 1, 14.3%). All patients had normal or lower than normal white blood cell count/lymphocyte count, and chest computed tomography scans showed bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs. Nucleic acid testing confirmed COVID-19 in all seven patients. The median MV duration and intensive care unit stay were 9.9 days (interquartile range, 6.5–14.6 days; range, 5–17 days) and 12.9 days (interquartile range, 9.7–17.6 days; range, 7–19 days), respectively. All seven patients were extubated, weaned off MV, transferred to the common ward, and discharged as of the writing of this report. Thus, we concluded that good outcomes for patients with critical COVID-19 can be achieved with early noninvasive–invasive sequential ventilation and bundle pharmacotherapy.

关键词： COVID-19 noninvasive–invasive sequential ventilation bundle pharmacotherapy

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Simulation of cross-flow-induced vibration of tube bundle by surface vorticity method

WANG Fenghao, JIANG Gedong, Lin John Zhang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 243-248 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0049-7

摘要： A fluid-structure interaction model based on Surface Vorticity Method (SVM) was used to study flow-induced vibrations of tube bundles in medium space ratio. The flow-induced vibrations of four tubes in a rotated square and a staggered tube bundle in three-row and five-column arrangements were simulated in the high sub-critical Reynolds number () range. The results on fluid forces, tube responses and vorticity maps were presented. The vorticity maps of the four rotated-square tubes changed dramatically when the rigid tubes were replaced by the flexible tubes. From the vorticity maps and vibration responses of the staggered tube bundle of different structural parameters, it was found that with the decrease of tube natural frequency, the maximal vibration response moved from the third row to the first. The results also showed that when more flexible tubes are used, the flow pattern changed drastically and the fluid-structure interaction imposed a dominant impact on the flow.

关键词： dominant sub-critical Reynolds staggered Vorticity three-row

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Research on overlaying welding rod of high hardness maraging steel

PAN Yong-ming, CHEN Shao-wei

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第4期页码 465-467 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0060-9

摘要： The development of new maraging steel overlaying welding rod, which contains Co, Mo, W and V alloy, solved the problems of poor homogeneity of hardness and mechanical process, prolonged the service life of wear-resistant components and increased the productive efficiency of repairing, greatly benefiting the national economy.

关键词： development productive efficiency national homogeneity mechanical

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Modal disturbance investigation of rod-shaped ultrasonic motor using bending vibrations

ZHANG Jiantao, ZHU Hua, ZHAO Chunsheng

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第3期页码 343-347 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0058-6

摘要： Modal disturbance of a rod-shaped ultrasonic motor using bending vibrations can cause problems such as low motor efficiency, instability, and poor control. In this paper, a dynamic analysis model of a stator is created on the basis of the finite element method (FEM) and Hamilton principle. The modal frequency sensitivities of the stator to the structure parameters are investigated by modal analysis. Accordingly, the structure parameters of the stator are modified to separate working modes from disturbance modes. A rod-shaped ultrasonic motor stator is fabricated, and the experimental results of its amplitude frequency response characteristics show that the purpose of modal separation is achieved. The frequency separation between working modes and disturbance modes is more than 2 kHz. The validity of the method is verified.

关键词： Hamilton principle disturbance separation frequency separation dynamic analysis

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我国致密砂岩气资源潜力、分布与未来发展地位

张国生,邓松涛

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 87-93

摘要：

系统分析了我国鄂尔多斯、四川和塔里木等主要盆地致密砂岩气成藏条件和主控因素，提出斜坡岩性型和深层构造型是两种最重要的致密砂岩气藏。采用多因素叠合法预测有利含气范围，并通过对已知重点致密砂岩气田的解剖研究，刻度出储量丰度、含气面积系数等关键参数，采用类比法来计算主要盆地的致密砂岩气资源量。研究表明，我国致密砂岩气技术可采资源量为9.2万亿～13.4万亿m³，主要分布于含煤系地层的盆地中；致密砂岩气资源开发利用现实性最好，在国家政策扶持和工程技术进步的推动下，再经过10～20年的发展，有望成为我国天然气开发利用的主导资源之一。

关键词：致密砂岩气分布特征资源潜力发展地位

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中国致密油形成分布与资源潜力评价

庞正炼,邹才能,陶士振,杨智,吴松涛

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 60-67

摘要：

系统分析了国外成熟致密油区的形成条件与典型特征，为研究中国致密油的形成分布与资源潜力评价提供借鉴和参考。研究表明，国外成功致密油区具有“三大形成条件”和“七项基本特征”。三大条件为：大面积分布的致密储层；广覆式分布成熟度适中的腐泥型优质生油层；连续型分布的致密储层与生油岩紧密接触的共生层系。七项基本特征为：圈闭界限不明显；非浮力聚集，水动力效应不明显，油水分布复杂；异常压力，裂缝高产，油质轻；非达西渗流为主；短距离运移为主；纳米级孔喉连通体系为主；规模开采需要水平井技术结合分段压裂技术。从两大方面入手，系统比对了中国致密油的形成条件与典型特征，结果表明中国致密油资源潜力大，具备良好勘探前景。

关键词：中国致密油勘探进展形成条件典型特征资源潜力

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A low-overhead asynchronous consensus framework for distributed bundle adjustment

Zhuo-hao Liu, Chang-yu Diao, Wei Xing, Dong-ming Lu,roadliu@zju.edu.cn,dcy@zju.edu.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第10期页码 1413-1534 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900451

摘要： Generally, the (DBA) method uses multiple worker nodes to solve the bundle adjustment problems and overcomes the computation and memory storage limitations of a single computer. However, the performance considerably degrades owing to the introduced by the additional block partitioning step and synchronous waiting. Therefore, we propose a low- consensus framework. A based asynchronous method is proposed to early achieve consensus with respect to the faster worker nodes to avoid waiting for the slower ones. A scene summarization procedure is designed and integrated into the block partitioning step to ensure that clustering can be performed on the small summarized scene. Experiments conducted on public datasets show that our method can improve the worker node utilization rate and reduce the block partitioning time. Also, sample applications are demonstrated using our large-scale culture heritage datasets.

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全球致密气勘探开发进展及中国发展趋势预测

杨涛,张国生,梁坤,郑民,郭彬程

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 64-68

摘要：

致密气已成为全球非常规天然气勘探开发的重要领域之一，特别是美国致密气大规模开发利用，推动了许多国家进行致密气勘探开发的进程。从全球致密气勘探开发进展情况入手，对我国致密气的勘探开发历程、主要致密气田勘探开发成效、发展趋势及对策建议进行了系统研究。研究表明，我国致密气大致经历了三大发展阶段，目前已进入快速发展阶段。近年来在鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界、四川盆地须家河组、塔里木盆地库车深层发现了一批大型致密气田，致密气储量、产量均呈现出快速增长趋势，2011年致密气产量占我国天然气总产量的1/4左右，预计2020年致密气产量比例将进一步提升到1/3左右，成为支撑我国天然气工业快速、健康、稳定发展的生力军。

关键词：致密气勘探开发发展趋势产量预测

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中美致密砂岩气成藏分布异同点比较研究与意义

童晓光,郭彬程,李建忠,黄福喜

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 9-15

摘要：

致密砂岩气已成为全球非常规天然气勘探的重点领域。中国致密砂岩气分布范围广，目前已在鄂尔多斯、四川等盆地实现了规模开发；美国落基山地区是致密砂岩气十分发育和勘探相对成熟的地区。对比研究中美致密砂岩气的形成条件和成藏特征是加快中国致密气开发利用与开拓勘探思路的有效途径。中国与美国致密气藏对比研究表明，中美致密砂岩气具有以煤系地层为主要烃源岩、储层致密、存在异常地层压力、源储紧邻与气藏大面积分布等共性特征；差异性主要体现在致密气源岩沉积环境与热演化程度，储层非均质性及其致密化因素，气藏纵向和平面分布特征等方面；控制中美致密砂岩气成藏条件和特征差异性的主要因素是沉积盆地性质、沉积环境和后期构造作用。针对中国致密砂岩气的特殊性，加强储层非均质性、优质储层预测、气藏的分布规律的研究以及加强工程技术攻关提高单井累计产量是致密砂岩气勘探开发工作的重点。

关键词：致密砂岩气藏成藏特点差异性

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我国致密砂岩气和页岩气的发展前景和战略意义

邱中建,赵文智,邓松涛

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第6期页码 4-8

摘要：

根据资源、技术和现状全面分析了我国致密气和页岩气发展的关键因素。从资源品质、类型和政策等出发，提出我国致密气和页岩气发展路线和三步走的发展前景。系统论述了我国致密气和页岩气发展对于改善能源结构和保障国家能源安全具有重要战略意义。

关键词：致密气和页岩气关键因素发展路线能源安全能源结构

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四川盆地致密砂岩气藏勘探现状与资源潜力评价

卞从胜,王红军,汪泽成,徐兆辉

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 74-80

摘要：

川中地区是目前须家河组已发现的储量集中区，由于气源的不充分性导致气藏含水饱和度高，规模经济开发难度偏大。在成藏条件综合研究的基础上，评价认为须家河组下一步勘探潜力区主要分布在川中西部的金华—蓬溪地区须二和须四段，以及川西北部的剑阁—柘坝场地区须三段，这些区域气源灶发育，生气强度大，储层保持较好，且构造和裂缝发育，多口高产气井和规模储量的发现表明其成藏潜力巨大，将成为须家河组天然气勘探的重要新领域。

关键词：大型化成藏源内成藏资源潜力致密砂岩气须家河组四川盆地

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Practice of Unconventional Gas Development and Engineering Management Innovation in China

Wen-rui Hu,Jing-wei Bao,Bin Hu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 18-29 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014005

摘要： This article analyses the recent progressive increase in resourcequantity and production quantity of unconventional natural gas in China, describes its natural properties and the concepts, strategies and approaches of its development, summarizes the special techniques, management concepts and development modes formed in the process of its development, and puts forward proposals to accelerate the development of unconventional natural gas of China. The technically recoverable reserve of unconventional natural gas is 1.7 times that of conventional natural gas and its output in 2012 accounted for 41.8% of the total output in China. Chinese tight gas development has gained success, coal-bed methane development and shale gas production pilots have made important progresses. As the key feature of unconventional natural gas is "low grade", for the effective scale development, developers must build up the engineering concept of low-grade resources development, adhere to the low cost strategy, take the development route of "a step backward and then a step forward", apply such ideas and methods of engineering management as low cost dualistic integrative innovation, full control network management, economic limit theory, integrated operation and "four orientations" engineering management, establish a "two lows" engineering management system, and take reference of the successful development mode of the tight gas in Sulige and the coal-bed methane in the Qinshui basin. In order to achieve the objective of rapid development of nonconventional natural gas in China and to accelerate the development pace, the government should continue to increase support, to speed up the reform of natural gas price adjustment, to set up national comprehensive development and utilization demonstration areas, to input in sustainable technological research and to promote engineering management innovation.?

关键词： natural gas unconventional tight gas coal-bed methane shale gas engineering management innovation proposals